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- The Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Auditory system,The Cochlea: three scalae, basilar membrane, movement of hair cells
- Auditory system,Sound: Intensity, Frequency, Outer and Middle Ear Mechanisms, Impedance Matching by Area and Lever Ratios
- The Vertebrate Hair Cell: Mechanoreceptor Mechanism, Tip Links, K+ and Ca2+ Channels
| The Central Nervous System (CNS) Posted: 11 Nov 2010 03:58 AM PST The adult human brain weighs between 1,200 to 1,500 g and contains about one trillion cells. It occupies a volume of about 1400 cc – approximately 2% of the total body weight, and receives 20% of the blood, oxygen, and calories supplied to the body. The adult spinal cord is approximately 40 to 50 cm long and occupies about 150 cc. The brain and the spinal cord arise in early development from the neural tube, Redmore this...>>>
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| Auditory system,The Cochlea: three scalae, basilar membrane, movement of hair cells Posted: 10 Nov 2010 11:53 PM PST The cochlea is a long coiled tube, with three channels divided by two thin membranes. The top tube is the scala vestibuli, which is connected to the oval window. The bottom tube is the scala tympani, which is connected to the round window. The middle tube is the scala media, which contains the Organ of Corti. The Organ of Corti sits on the basilar membrane, which forms the division between the scalae media and tymp Redmore this...>>>
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| Posted: 10 Nov 2010 11:47 PM PST The auditory system changes a wide range of weak mechanical signals into a complex series of electrical signals in the central nervous system. Sound is a series of pressure changes in the air. Sounds often vary in frequency and intensity over time. Humans can detect sounds that cause movements only slightly greater than those of Brownian movement. Obviously, if we heard that ceaseless (except at absolute zero) moti Redmore this...>>>
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| The Vertebrate Hair Cell: Mechanoreceptor Mechanism, Tip Links, K+ and Ca2+ Channels Posted: 10 Nov 2010 11:41 PM PST The key structure in the vertebrate auditory and vestibular systems is the hair cell. The hair cell first appeared in fish as part of a long, thin array along the side of the body, sensing movements in the water. In higher vertebrates the internal fluid of the inner ear (not external fluid as in fish) bathes the hair cells, but these cells still sense movements in the surrounding fluid. Several specializations make Redmore this...>>>
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